Hierarchic relations - Revision history

Patzschke at 11:44, 25 June 2007

2007-06-25T11:44:21Z

Patzschke at 11:42, 25 June 2007

2007-06-25T11:42:05Z

Patzschke at 11:24, 25 June 2007

2007-06-25T11:24:31Z

Altmann at 07:51, 25 June 2007

2007-06-25T07:51:34Z

Altmann at 07:47, 25 June 2007

2007-06-25T07:47:01Z

KHBest: lit erg

2007-03-16T16:57:18Z

lit erg

Altmann at 14:39, 18 July 2006

2006-07-18T14:39:14Z

Altmann at 14:23, 18 July 2006

2006-07-18T14:23:06Z

Altmann at 08:25, 16 July 2006

2006-07-16T08:25:52Z

Altmann at 07:50, 16 July 2006

2006-07-16T07:50:20Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:44, 25 June 2007
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	[[Image:Tabelle3-neu.JPG]]		[[Image:Tabelle3-neu.JPG]]
		+	yielding y = 11.5711x<sup>(-0.2285)</sup> and R<sup>2</sup> = 0.97.

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:42, 25 June 2007
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	'''Examples''':		'''Examples''':
		+
		+	<div align="center">Mean clause length in dependence on sentence length</div>
		+	<div align="center">(in H. Hesse, Der Steppenwolf)</div>
		+
		+	[[Image:Tabelle3-neu.JPG]]

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 '''Krott, A.''' (2002). Ein funktionalanalytisches Modell der Wortbildung. In: Köhler, R. (ed.), ''Korpuslinguistische Untersuchungen in die quantitative und systemtheoretische Linguistik: 75-126''. http://ubt.opus.hbz-nrw.de/volltexte/2004/279/
 '''Laurosela, J'''. (1922). ''Foneettinen tutkimus Etelä-Pohjanmaan murteesta''. Helsinki.
@@ Line 269: / Line 271: @@
 '''Roudet, L.''' (1910). ''Eléments de phonétique générale''. Paris: Welter.
 '''Rykov, V.''' (1994). Menzerath law for printed speech. In: ''2nd International Conference on Quantitative Linguistics, September 20-24, 1994, Moscow: 199-200''. Moscow: Lomonosov Moscow State University.

@@ Line 46: / Line 46: @@
 Thus in case that all other variables other than construct size are subsumed under the ceteris paribus condition one obtains
-(1)<math> \frac{dy}{y-d}= \left(a_0 \frac{a_1}{x}+ \frac{a_2}{x^2}\right)</math>.
+(1)<math> \frac{dy}{y-d}= \left(a_0 +\frac{a_1}{x}+ \frac{a_2}{x^2}\right)</math>.
 where d is the minimal value y can attain.

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 The origin of the problem can be found in 19th century, in phonetics, probably for the first time with Sievers (1876, 1901) who measured the syllable duration in rhythmic units (Sprechakte). A number of phoneticians tested different hypotheses, a part of which corroborated, another part falsified it. The isochrony hypothesis in English is a special case of this problem. The problem was generalized by Menzerath who stated that ''the greater the whole the smaller its parts'' (1954: 101). Different researchers proposed some empirical formulas (Fónagy, Magdics 1960; Nooteboom 1972, 1973; Landblom, Rapp 1972), Altmann (1980) set up the pertinent differential equation and called the result Menzerath´s law. Hřebíček (1992, 1995, 1997) showed that the whole hierarchy of textual levels is based on this dependence and called it ''Menzerath-Altmann´s law''.
-There is a great number of individual examinations in different domains of languge. In phonetics the most exhaustive is Weber (1998), in textology the works by Hřebíček (see above) and a mixture of problems including biology and sociology can be found in Altmann, Schwibbe (1989). Bohn (1998) analyzed the relationship between Chines characters and the complexity of composing graphemes, length of words and simplicity of characters, clause length and word length, sentence length and clause length. (cf. also Menzel 2005).
+There is a great number of individual examinations in different domains of languge. In phonetics the most exhaustive is Weber (1998), in textology the works by Hřebíček (see above) and a mixture of problems including biology and sociology can be found in Altmann, Schwibbe (1989). Bohn (1998) analyzed the relationship between Chinese characters and the complexity of composing graphemes, length of words and simplicity of characters, clause length and word length, sentence length and clause length (cf. also Menzel 2005).
-	The law has a strong corroboration not only within linguistics but displays analogies to other sciences. Thus the simple form of Menzerath´s law is identical with the allometric law in biology and with power laws current in different sciences. Its correspondences can be found in (i) molecular biology, (ii) sociology of baboons, (iii) in the domain of self-organized criticality, (iv) in chaos research, (v) in the theory of fractals, (vi) in information theory.
+	The law has a strong corroboration not only within linguistics but displays analogies to other sciences. Thus the simple form of Menzerath´s law is identical with the allometric law in biology and with the power laws current in different sciences. Its correspondences can be found in (i) molecular biology, (ii) sociology of baboons, (iii) in the domain of self-organized criticality, (iv) in chaos research, (v) in the theory of fractals, (vi) in information theory.
 	It has been observed that construct length is not always the only cause of shortening of the constituents. Also accent, vowel quality, syllable structure, frequency etc. can intervene (cf. Weber 1998). In that case more complex formulas must be used.
 	The law has several consequences, all of which must still be tested (cf. Altmann, Schwibbe 1989: 8-14):
@@ Line 18: / Line 18: @@
 . The adding of an affix to a word evokes the tendency to reduce the inventory of consonants of the word.
-. The shortening of average syllables length in Hypothesis 3 can also be achieved by inserting epenthetic vowels between the stem and affix (or compounding stem).
+. The shortening of average syllable length in Hypothesis 3 can also be achieved by inserting epenthetic vowels between the stem and affix (or compounding stem).
 . Partial reduplication is more frequent in natural languages than full reduplication.

@@ Line 96: / Line 96: @@
 '''Arens, H'''. (1965). ''Verborgene Ordnung''. Düsseldorf: Schwann.
 '''Auer, P., Uhmann, S'''. (1988). Silben- und akzentzählende Sprachen. ''Zeitschrift für Sprachwissenschaft 7, 214-259.''
@@ Line 115: / Line 117: @@
 '''Cramer, I.M'''. (2005). The parameters of the Altmann-Menzerath law. ''J. of Quantitative Linguistics 12(1), 41-52.''
-'''Cramer, I.M'''. (2005a). Das Menzerathsceh Gesetz. In: Köhler, R., Altmann, G., Piotrowski, R.G. (eds.), ''Quantitative Linguistics - An International Handbook: 659-688''. Berlin: de Gruyter.
+'''Cramer, I.M'''. (2005a). Das Menzerathsche Gesetz. In: Köhler, R., Altmann, G., Piotrowski, R.G. (eds.), ''Quantitative Linguistics - An International Handbook: 659-688''. Berlin: de Gruyter.
 '''Debowski, L.''' (2007). Menzerath´s law for the smallest grammar. In: Grzybek, P., Köhler, R. (eds.), ''Exact methods in the Study of Language and Tests: 77-85.'' Berlin: de Gruyter.

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:39, 18 July 2006
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	'''Meyer, E.A., Gombocz, Z'''. (1908). Zur Phonetik der ungarischen Sprache. ''Le Monde Oriental 2, 122-187''.		'''Meyer, E.A., Gombocz, Z'''. (1908). Zur Phonetik der ungarischen Sprache. ''Le Monde Oriental 2, 122-187''.
		+
		+	'''Meyer, P.''' (2007). Two semi-mathematical asides on Menzerath-Altmann´s law. In: Grzybek, P., Köhler, R. (eds.), ''Exact Methods in the Study of Language and Text: 447-458.'' Berlin: de Gruyter.
		+

	'''Nemcová, E.''' (1994). On two realizations of Menzerath´s law. ''J. of Quantitative Linguistics 1, 107-112''.		'''Nemcová, E.''' (1994). On two realizations of Menzerath´s law. ''J. of Quantitative Linguistics 1, 107-112''.

← Older revision		Revision as of 14:23, 18 July 2006
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	'''Leopold, E.''' (2001). Fractal structures in language. The question of the imbedding space. In Uhlířová, L., Wimmer, G., Altmann, G., Köhler, R. (Eds.), ''Text as a linguistic paradigm: levels, constituents, constructs. Festschrift in honour of Ludek Hřebíček: 163-1176''. Trier: WVT.		'''Leopold, E.''' (2001). Fractal structures in language. The question of the imbedding space. In Uhlířová, L., Wimmer, G., Altmann, G., Köhler, R. (Eds.), ''Text as a linguistic paradigm: levels, constituents, constructs. Festschrift in honour of Ludek Hřebíček: 163-1176''. Trier: WVT.

		+	'''Leopold, E. ''' (2007). Bemerkungen zum Menzerath-Altmannschen Gesetz. In: Grzybek, P., Köhler, R. (eds.), ''Exact Methods in the Study of Language and Text: 389-396.'' Berlin: de Gruyter.
		+
	'''Lindblom, B.E.F'''. (1968). Temporal organization of syllable production. ''Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Speech Transmission Laboratory, Quarterly Progress and Status Report 2-3, 1-5''.		'''Lindblom, B.E.F'''. (1968). Temporal organization of syllable production. ''Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Speech Transmission Laboratory, Quarterly Progress and Status Report 2-3, 1-5''.

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 '''Grzybek, P'''. (1999). Randbemerkungen zur Wortlänge im Kroatischen. In: B.Tošović (ed.), ''Die grammatischen Korrelationen: 56-67.'' Graz: Gralis.
 '''Hammerl, R., Sambor, J'''. (1993a). ''O statystycznych prawach jezykowych''. Warszawa: Polskie Towarzystwo Semiotyczne.
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 '''Hřebíček, L., Altmann, G'''.  (1993). Prospects of text linguistics. In: Hřebíček, L., Altmann, G. (Eds.), ''Quantitative text analysis: 1-28''. Trier: WVT.
 '''Huxley, A'''. (1963). ''Evolution: the modern synthesis''. London 1942.

← Older revision		Revision as of 07:50, 16 July 2006
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	'''Cramer, I.M'''. (2005a). Das Menzerathsceh Gesetz. In: Köhler, R., Altmann, G., Piotrowski, R.G. (eds.), ''Quantitative Linguistics - An International Handbook: 659-688''. Berlin: de Gruyter.		'''Cramer, I.M'''. (2005a). Das Menzerathsceh Gesetz. In: Köhler, R., Altmann, G., Piotrowski, R.G. (eds.), ''Quantitative Linguistics - An International Handbook: 659-688''. Berlin: de Gruyter.
		+
		+	'''Debowski, L.''' (2007). Menzerath´s law for the smallest grammar. In: Grzybek, P., Köhler, R. (eds.), ''Exact methods in the Study of Language and Tests: 77-85.'' Berlin: de Gruyter.

	'''Donner, K.''' (1912). Salmin murteen kvantiteettisuehtista. ''Suomi IV, 9, II''.		'''Donner, K.''' (1912). Salmin murteen kvantiteettisuehtista. ''Suomi IV, 9, II''.